To access it, simply use the scroll wheel on your mouse, and press spacebar once you scroll to the desired function. It allows you to switch weapons, access inventories, move objects, get in vehicles, use items, and much more. The scroll menu is arguably one of the most important functions in Arma. Pictured: Prone with left stance adjustment. and using WASD to adjust your stance up, down, left, and right. In adition to the standard 'standing', 'crouched', and 'prone' positions, you have a variety of sub-stances that can be accessed by holding down Ctrl. The real difference comes in with the wealth of secondary controls available to you.
Press F to cycle firing modes (Full auto, semi auto, burst) and weapons (Underbarrel grenade launcher). Arma 3's basic controls are a lot like other 1st person shooters.